Publikation

Perifosine-mediated Akt inhibition in neuroendocrine tumor cells: role of specific Akt isoforms

Wissenschaftlicher Artikel/Review - 24.05.2012

Bereiche
PubMed
DOI

Zitation
Zitzmann K, Vlotides G, Brand S, Lahm H, Spöttl G, Göke B, Auernhammer C. Perifosine-mediated Akt inhibition in neuroendocrine tumor cells: role of specific Akt isoforms. Endocr Relat Cancer 2012; 19:423-34.
Art
Wissenschaftlicher Artikel/Review (Englisch)
Zeitschrift
Endocr Relat Cancer 2012; 19
Veröffentlichungsdatum
24.05.2012
eISSN (Online)
1479-6821
Seiten
423-34
Kurzbeschreibung/Zielsetzung

The majority of neuroendocrine tumors (NETs) of the gastroenteropancreatic system show aberrant Akt activity. Several inhibitors of the phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI(3)K)-Akt-mTOR signaling pathway are currently being evaluated in clinical phase II and III studies for the treatment of NETs with promising results. However, the molecular mechanisms and particularly the role of different Akt isoforms in NET signaling are not fully understood. In this study, we examine the effect of Akt inhibition on NET cells of heterogeneous origin. We show that the Akt inhibitor perifosine effectively inhibits Akt phosphorylation and cell viability in human pancreatic (BON1), bronchus (NCI-H727), and midgut (GOT1) NET cells. Perifosine treatment suppressed the phosphorylation of Akt downstream targets such as GSK3α/β, MDM2, and p70S6K and induced apoptosis. To further investigate the role of individual Akt isoforms for NET cell function, we specifically blocked Akt1, Akt2, and Akt3 via siRNA transfection. In contrast to Akt2 knockdown, knockdown of Akt isoforms 1 and 3 decreased phosphorylation levels of GSK3α/β, MDM2, and p70S6K and suppressed NET cell viability and colony-forming capacity. The inhibitory effect of simultaneous downregulation of Akt1 and Akt3 on tumor cell viability was significantly stronger than that caused by downregulation of all Akt isoforms, suggesting a particular role for Akt1 and Akt3 in NET signaling. Akt3 siRNA-induced apoptosis while all three isoform-specific siRNAs impaired BON1 cell invasion. Together, our data demonstrate potent antitumor effects of the pan-Akt inhibitor perifosine on NET cells in vitro and suggest that selective targeting of Akt1 and/or Akt3 might improve the therapeutic potential of Akt inhibition in NET disease.