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Sleep apnea (SA) is a prevalent disorder characterized by recurrent events of nocturnal apnea originating from obstructive and/or central mechanisms. SA disrupts normal sleep and can lead to a series of complications when left untreated. SA results in intermittent hypoxia which has an impact on the cardio- and cerebrovascular system. Hospitalized patients with SA typically have a greater burden of comorbidity, a longer length of hospital stay, but may show an improvement of in-hospital mortality compared to patients without diagnosed SA. The reason for this survival benefit is controversial and we aimed to clarify this protective effect in the light of predictive factors including SA-associated comorbidities using a nation-wide hospitalization database.