Effects of Smoking on Subjective and Objective Measures of Pain Intensity, Functional Impairment, and Health-Related Quality of Life in Lumbar Degenerative Disk Disease.

Publication

Effects of Smoking on Subjective and Objective Measures of Pain Intensity, Functional Impairment, and Health-Related Quality of Life in Lumbar Degenerative Disk Disease.

Journal Paper/Review - Nov 22, 2016

Joswig Holger, Stienen Martin N., Smoll Nicolas Roydon, Corniola Marco Vincenzo, Chau Ivan, Schaller Karl L, Hildebrandt Gerhard, Gautschi Oliver Pascal

Citation

Joswig H, Stienen M, Smoll N, Corniola M, Chau I, Schaller K, Hildebrandt G, Gautschi O. Effects of Smoking on Subjective and Objective Measures of Pain Intensity, Functional Impairment, and Health-Related Quality of Life in Lumbar Degenerative Disk Disease. World Neurosurg 2016; 99:6-13.

Type

Journal Paper/Review (English)

Journal

World Neurosurg 2016; 99

Publication Date

Nov 22, 2016

Issn Electronic

1878-8769

Pages

6-13

Brief description/objective

Numerous studies assessed the effects of smoking on lumbar degenerative disk disease (DDD); they focused on patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) and yielded conflicting results.