Long-term effectiveness of recommended boosted protease inhibitor-based antiretroviral therapy in Europe

Publication

Long-term effectiveness of recommended boosted protease inhibitor-based antiretroviral therapy in Europe

Journal Paper/Review - Feb 1, 2018

Santos J R, Gargalianos-Kakolyris P, Schmid Patrick, Hassoun G, Khromova I, Beniowski M, Hadziosmanovic V, Sedlacek D, Paredes R, Lundgren J D, Bogner J, Duvivier C, Cozzi-Lepri A, Phillips A, De Wit S, Pedersen C, Reiss P, Blaxhult A, Lazzarin A, Sluzhynska M, Orkin C, EuroSIDA Study Group

Citation

Santos J, Gargalianos-Kakolyris P, Schmid P, Hassoun G, Khromova I, Beniowski M, Hadziosmanovic V, Sedlacek D, Paredes R, Lundgren J, Bogner J, Duvivier C, Cozzi-Lepri A, Phillips A, De Wit S, Pedersen C, Reiss P, Blaxhult A, Lazzarin A, Sluzhynska M, Orkin C, EuroSIDA Study Group. Long-term effectiveness of recommended boosted protease inhibitor-based antiretroviral therapy in Europe. HIV Med 2018; 19:324-338.

Type

Journal Paper/Review (English)

Journal

HIV Med 2018; 19

Publication Date

Feb 1, 2018

Issn Electronic

1468-1293

Pages

324-338

Brief description/objective

OBJECTIVES
The aim of the study was to evaluate the long-term response to antiretroviral treatment (ART) based on atazanavir/ritonavir (ATZ/r)-, darunavir/ritonavir (DRV/r)-, and lopinavir/ritonavir (LPV/r)-containing regimens.

METHODS
Data were analysed for 5678 EuroSIDA-enrolled patients starting a DRV/r-, ATZ/r- or LPV/r-containing regimen between 1 January 2000 and 30 June 2013. Separate analyses were performed for the following subgroups of patients: (1) ART-naïve subjects (8%) at ritonavir-boosted protease inhibitor (PI/r) initiation; (2) ART-experienced individuals (44%) initiating the new PI/r with a viral load (VL) ≤500 HIV-1 RNA copies/mL; and (3) ART-experienced patients (48%) initiating the new PI/r with a VL >500 copies/mL. Virological failure (VF) was defined as two consecutive VL measurements >200 copies/mL ≥24 weeks after PI/r initiation. Kaplan-Meier and multivariable Cox models were used to compare risks of failure by PI/r-based regimen. The main analysis was performed with intention-to-treat (ITT) ignoring treatment switches.

RESULTS
The time to VF favoured DRV/r over ATZ/r, and both were superior to LPV/r (log-rank test; P < 0.02) in all analyses. Nevertheless, the risk of VF in ART-naïve patients was similar regardless of the PI/r initiated after controlling for potential confounders. The risk of VF in both treatment-experienced groups was lower for DRV/r than for ATZ/r, which, in turn, was lower than for LPV/r-based ART.

CONCLUSIONS
Although confounding by indication and calendar year cannot be completely ruled out, in ART-experienced subjects the long-term effectiveness of DRV/r-containing regimens appears to be greater than that of ATZ/r and LPV/r.