Statin use and survival in patients with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer treated with abiraterone or enzalutamide after docetaxel failure: the international retrospective observational STABEN study

Publication

Statin use and survival in patients with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer treated with abiraterone or enzalutamide after docetaxel failure: the international retrospective observational STABEN study

Journal Paper/Review - Apr 13, 2018

Gordon Jacob A, Cox Michael E, De Placido Pietro, Ribera Dario, Omlin Aurelius, Buonocore Gaetano, Chi Kim, Kollmannsberger Christian, Khalaf Daniel, Facchini Gaetano, Sonpavde Guru, De Placido Sabino, Eigl Bernhard J, Cherhroudi Cyrus, Pignata Sandro, Battaglia Michele, Buonerba Carlo, Pond Gregory, Crona Daniel, Gillessen Sommer Silke, Lucarelli Giuseppe, Rossetti Sabrina, Dorff Tanya, Artale Salvatore, Locke Jennifer A, Bosso Davide, Milowsky Matthew Ivan, Witek Mira Sofie, Di Lorenzo Giuseppe

Citation

Gordon J, Cox M, De Placido P, Ribera D, Omlin A, Buonocore G, Chi K, Kollmannsberger C, Khalaf D, Facchini G, Sonpavde G, De Placido S, Eigl B, Cherhroudi C, Pignata S, Battaglia M, Buonerba C, Pond G, Crona D, Gillessen Sommer S, Lucarelli G, Rossetti S, Dorff T, Artale S, Locke J, Bosso D, Milowsky M, Witek M, Di Lorenzo G. Statin use and survival in patients with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer treated with abiraterone or enzalutamide after docetaxel failure: the international retrospective observational STABEN study. Oncotarget 2018; 9:19861-19873.

Type

Journal Paper/Review (English)

Journal

Oncotarget 2018; 9

Publication Date

Apr 13, 2018

Issn Electronic

1949-2553

Pages

19861-19873

Brief description/objective

Background
Statins may potentiate the effects of anti-hormonal agents for metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) through further disruption of essential steroidogenic processes. We investigated the effects of statin use on clinical outcomes in patients with mCRPC receiving abiraterone or enzalutamide.

Materials and methods
This was a retrospective multicenter study including patients that received abiraterone or enzalutamide for mCRPC. The effect of concurrent statin use on outcomes was evaluated. The associations of statins with early (≤12 weeks) prostate-specific antigen (PSA) declines (> 30%), cancer-specific survival and overall survival (OS) were evaluated after controlling for known prognostic factors.

Results
Five hundred and ninety-eight patients treated with second-line abiraterone or enzalutamide after docetaxel for mCRPC were included. A total of 199 men (33.3%) received statins during abiraterone/enzalutamide treatment. Median OS was 20.8 months (95% CI = 18.3-23.2) for patients who received statins, versus 12.9 months (95% CI = 11.4-14.6) for patients who did not receive statins ( < 0.001). After adjusting for age, alkaline phosphatase, PSA, neutrophil-to-lymphocytes ratio, Charlson comorbidity score, Gleason score, visceral disease, hemoglobin, opiate use and abiraterone versus enzalutamide treatment, the use of statin therapy was associated with a 53% reduction in the overall risk of death (hazard ratio [HR] = 0.47; 95% CI = 0.35-0.63; < 0.001). Statin use was also associated with a 63% increased odds of a > 30% PSA decline within the first 12 weeks of treatment (OR = 1.63; 95% CI = 1.03-2.60; = 0.039).

Conclusions
In this retrospective cohort, statin use was significantly associated with both prolonged OS and cancer-specific survival and increased early > 30% PSA declines. Prospective validation is warranted.