Adverse events of raltegravir and dolutegravir

Publication

Adverse events of raltegravir and dolutegravir

Journal Paper/Review - Aug 24, 2017

Elzi Luigia, Battegay Manuel, Bernasconi Enos, Günthard Huldrych, Vernazza Pietro, Calmy Alexandra, Cavassini Matthias, Furrer Hansjakob, Erb Stefan

Citation

Elzi L, Battegay M, Bernasconi E, Günthard H, Vernazza P, Calmy A, Cavassini M, Furrer H, Erb S. Adverse events of raltegravir and dolutegravir. AIDS 2017; 31:1853-1858.

Type

Journal Paper/Review (English)

Journal

AIDS 2017; 31

Publication Date

Aug 24, 2017

Issn Electronic

1473-5571

Pages

1853-1858

Brief description/objective

OBJECTIVE
To compare the frequency and risk factors of toxicity-related treatment discontinuations between raltegravir and dolutegravir.

DESIGN
Prospective cohort study.

METHODS
All antiretroviral therapy (ART)-naïve and ART-experienced HIV-infected individuals from the Swiss HIV Cohort Study who initiated raltegravir or dolutegravir between 2006 and 2015 were investigated concerning treatment modification within the first year.

RESULTS
Of 4041 patients initiating ART containing raltegravir (n = 2091) or dolutegravir (n = 1950), 568 patients discontinued ART during the first year, corresponding to a rate of 15.5 [95% confidence interval (CI) 14.5-16.9] discontinuations per 100 patient-years. Only 10 patients on raltegravir (0.5%) and two patients on dolutegravir (0.1%) demonstrated virologic failure. The main reason for ART discontinuation was convenience expressed as patient's wish, physician's decision, or treatment simplification (n = 302). Toxicity occurred in 4.3% of patients treated with raltegravir and 3.6% with dolutegravir, respectively. In multivariable analysis, the only independent risk factor for discontinuing ART because of toxicity was female sex (hazard ratio 1.98, 95% CI 1.45-2.71, P < 0.001).Neuropsychiatric complaints were the most commonly reported toxic adverse events and more frequent in the dolutegravir (n = 33, 1.7%) compared with the raltegravir group (n = 13, 0.6%). Risk of discontinuation for neurotoxicity was lower for raltegravir than for dolutegravir in multivariable analysis (hazard ratio 0.46, 95% CI 0.22-0.96, P = 0.037).

CONCLUSION
In this, large cohort raltegravir and dolutegravir-containing regimen demonstrated a high virologic efficacy. Drug toxicity was infrequent and discontinuation because of neuropsychiatric events within the first year of treatment was only marginal higher with dolutegravir compared with raltegravir. However, monitoring of neurotoxic side-effects of dolutegravir is important.