Prevention and early detection of prostate cancer

Publication

Prevention and early detection of prostate cancer

Journal Paper/Review - Oct 1, 2014

Cuzick Jack, Minasian Lori M, Parker Chris, Parnes Howard L, Perner Sven, Rittenhouse Harry, Schalken Jack, Schmid Hans-Peter, Schmitz-Dräger Bernd J, Schröder Fritz H, Stenzl Arnulf, Tombal Bertrand, Wilt Timothy J, Meyskens Frank L, Marberger Michael, Lilja Hans, Thorat Mangesh A, Andriole Gerald, Brawley Otis W, Brown Powel H, Culig Zoran, Eeles Rosalind A, Ford Leslie G, Hamdy Freddie C, Holmberg Lars, Ilic Dragan, Key Timothy J, La Vecchia Carlo, Wolk Alicja

Citation

Cuzick J, Minasian L, Parker C, Parnes H, Perner S, Rittenhouse H, Schalken J, Schmid H, Schmitz-Dräger B, Schröder F, Stenzl A, Tombal B, Wilt T, Meyskens F, Marberger M, Lilja H, Thorat M, Andriole G, Brawley O, Brown P, Culig Z, Eeles R, Ford L, Hamdy F, Holmberg L, Ilic D, Key T, La Vecchia C, Wolk A. Prevention and early detection of prostate cancer. Lancet Oncol 2014; 15:e484-92.

Type

Journal Paper/Review (English)

Journal

Lancet Oncol 2014; 15

Publication Date

Oct 1, 2014

Issn Electronic

1474-5488

Pages

e484-92

Brief description/objective

Prostate cancer is a common malignancy in men and the worldwide burden of this disease is rising. Lifestyle modifications such as smoking cessation, exercise, and weight control offer opportunities to reduce the risk of developing prostate cancer. Early detection of prostate cancer by prostate-specific antigen (PSA) screening is controversial, but changes in the PSA threshold, frequency of screening, and the use of other biomarkers have the potential to minimise the overdiagnosis associated with PSA screening. Several new biomarkers for individuals with raised PSA concentrations or those diagnosed with prostate cancer are likely to identify individuals who can be spared aggressive treatment. Several pharmacological agents such as 5α-reductase inhibitors and aspirin could prevent development of prostate cancer. In this Review, we discuss the present evidence and research questions regarding prevention, early detection of prostate cancer, and management of men either at high risk of prostate cancer or diagnosed with low-grade prostate cancer.