Activating mutations in STIM1 and ORAI1 cause overlapping syndromes of tubular myopathy and congenital miosis.

Publication

Activating mutations in STIM1 and ORAI1 cause overlapping syndromes of tubular myopathy and congenital miosis.

Journal Paper/Review - Mar 3, 2014

Nesin Vasyl, Wiley Graham, Kousi Maria, Ong E-Ching, Lehmann Thomas, Nicholl David J, Suri Mohnish, Shahrizaila Nortina, Katsanis Nicholas, Gaffney Patrick M, Wierenga Klaas J, Tsiokas Leonidas

Citation

Nesin V, Wiley G, Kousi M, Ong E, Lehmann T, Nicholl D, Suri M, Shahrizaila N, Katsanis N, Gaffney P, Wierenga K, Tsiokas L. Activating mutations in STIM1 and ORAI1 cause overlapping syndromes of tubular myopathy and congenital miosis. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2014; 111:4197-202.

Type

Journal Paper/Review (English)

Journal

Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2014; 111

Publication Date

Mar 3, 2014

Issn Electronic

1091-6490

Pages

4197-202

Brief description/objective

Signaling through the store-operated Ca(2+) release-activated Ca(2+) (CRAC) channel regulates critical cellular functions, including gene expression, cell growth and differentiation, and Ca(2+) homeostasis. Loss-of-function mutations in the CRAC channel pore-forming protein ORAI1 or the Ca(2+) sensing protein stromal interaction molecule 1 (STIM1) result in severe immune dysfunction and nonprogressive myopathy. Here, we identify gain-of-function mutations in the cytoplasmic domain of STIM1 (p.R304W) associated with thrombocytopenia, bleeding diathesis, miosis, and tubular myopathy in patients with Stormorken syndrome, and in ORAI1 (p.P245L), associated with a Stormorken-like syndrome of congenital miosis and tubular aggregate myopathy but without hematological abnormalities. Heterologous expression of STIM1 p.R304W results in constitutive activation of the CRAC channel in vitro, and spontaneous bleeding accompanied by reduced numbers of thrombocytes in zebrafish embryos, recapitulating key aspects of Stormorken syndrome. p.P245L in ORAI1 does not make a constitutively active CRAC channel, but suppresses the slow Ca(2+)-dependent inactivation of the CRAC channel, thus also functioning as a gain-of-function mutation. These data expand our understanding of the phenotypic spectrum of dysregulated CRAC channel signaling, advance our knowledge of the molecular function of the CRAC channel, and suggest new therapies aiming at attenuating store-operated Ca(2+) entry in the treatment of patients with Stormorken syndrome and related pathologic conditions.