Meta-analysis investigating associations between healthy diet and fasting glucose and insulin levels and modification by loci associated with glucose homeostasis in data from 15 cohorts

Publication

Meta-analysis investigating associations between healthy diet and fasting glucose and insulin levels and modification by loci associated with glucose homeostasis in data from 15 cohorts

Journal Paper/Review - Dec 19, 2012

Franks Paul W, Seppälä Ilkka, Rolandsson Olov, Prokopenko Inga, Mukamal Kenneth, Kolovou Genovefa, Hofman Albert, Dupuis Josée, Zillikens M Carola, Viikari Jorma, North Kari, McCarthy Mark I, Liu Yongmei, Johansson Ingegerd, Jacques Paul F, Cupples L Adrienne, Hu Frank B, Meigs James B, Dedoussis George, Siscovick David S, Ingelsson Erik, Witteman Jacqueline C M, Lehtimäki Terho, Pankow James S, Orho-Melander Marju, Kritchevsky Stephen B, Jacobs David R, Ferrucci Luigi, Borecki Ingrid B, Uitterlinden André G, Kähönen Mika, Groves Christopher J, Deloukas Panos, Ax Erika, Kanoni Stavroula, Houston Denise K, Ganna Andrea, Dimitriou Maria, Follis Jack L, Ngwa Julius S, Djoussé Luc, Hruby Adela, Wojczynski Mary K, Tanaka Toshiko, Mozaffarian Dariush, McKeown Nicola M, Lemaitre Rozenn N, Hivert Marie-France, Mikkilä Vera, Manichaikul Ani, Stirrups Kathleen, Sjögren Per, Papoutsakis Constantina, Raitakari Olli, Lohman Kurt K, Kiefte-de Jong Jessica C, Hassanali Neelam, Ericson Ulrika, de Koning Lawrence, Bandinelli Stefania, van Rooij Frank J A, Sonestedt Emily, Renström Frida, Ntalla Ioanna, Nettleton Jennifer A

Citation

Franks P, Seppälä I, Rolandsson O, Prokopenko I, Mukamal K, Kolovou G, Hofman A, Dupuis J, Zillikens M, Viikari J, North K, McCarthy M, Liu Y, Johansson I, Jacques P, Cupples L, Hu F, Meigs J, Dedoussis G, Siscovick D, Ingelsson E, Witteman J, Lehtimäki T, Pankow J, Orho-Melander M, Kritchevsky S, Jacobs D, Ferrucci L, Borecki I, Uitterlinden A, Kähönen M, Groves C, Deloukas P, Ax E, Kanoni S, Houston D, Ganna A, Dimitriou M, Follis J, Ngwa J, Djoussé L, Hruby A, Wojczynski M, Tanaka T, Mozaffarian D, McKeown N, Lemaitre R, Hivert M, Mikkilä V, Manichaikul A, Stirrups K, Sjögren P, Papoutsakis C, Raitakari O, Lohman K, Kiefte-de Jong J, Hassanali N, Ericson U, de Koning L, Bandinelli S, van Rooij F, Sonestedt E, Renström F, Ntalla I, Nettleton J. Meta-analysis investigating associations between healthy diet and fasting glucose and insulin levels and modification by loci associated with glucose homeostasis in data from 15 cohorts. Am J Epidemiol 2012; 177:103-15.

Type

Journal Paper/Review (English)

Journal

Am J Epidemiol 2012; 177

Publication Date

Dec 19, 2012

Issn Electronic

1476-6256

Pages

103-15

Brief description/objective

Whether loci that influence fasting glucose (FG) and fasting insulin (FI) levels, as identified by genome-wide association studies, modify associations of diet with FG or FI is unknown. We utilized data from 15 U.S. and European cohort studies comprising 51,289 persons without diabetes to test whether genotype and diet interact to influence FG or FI concentration. We constructed a diet score using study-specific quartile rankings for intakes of whole grains, fish, fruits, vegetables, and nuts/seeds (favorable) and red/processed meats, sweets, sugared beverages, and fried potatoes (unfavorable). We used linear regression within studies, followed by inverse-variance-weighted meta-analysis, to quantify 1) associations of diet score with FG and FI levels and 2) interactions of diet score with 16 FG-associated loci and 2 FI-associated loci. Diet score (per unit increase) was inversely associated with FG (β = -0.004 mmol/L, 95% confidence interval: -0.005, -0.003) and FI (β = -0.008 ln-pmol/L, 95% confidence interval: -0.009, -0.007) levels after adjustment for demographic factors, lifestyle, and body mass index. Genotype variation at the studied loci did not modify these associations. Healthier diets were associated with lower FG and FI concentrations regardless of genotype at previously replicated FG- and FI-associated loci. Studies focusing on genomic regions that do not yield highly statistically significant associations from main-effect genome-wide association studies may be more fruitful in identifying diet-gene interactions.