Publication
Intracerebral Hematoma Due to Aneurysm Rupture: Are There Risk Factors Beyond Aneurysm Location?
Journal Paper/Review - Jun 1, 2016
Jabbarli Ramazan, Reinhard Matthias, Roelz Roland, Shah Mukesch, Niesen Wolf-Dirk, Kaier Klaus, Taschner Christian, Weyerbrock Astrid, Van Velthoven Vera
Units
PubMed
Doi
Citation
Type
Journal
Publication Date
Issn Electronic
Pages
Brief description/objective
BACKGROUND
Along with subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH), a ruptured aneurysm may also cause an intracerebral hematoma (ICH), which negatively impacts the functional outcome of SAH.
OBJECTIVE
To identify independent risk factors of aneurysmal ICH.
METHODS
Six hundred thirty-two consecutive patients with aneurysmal SAH treated at our institution from January 2005 to December 2012 were eligible for this study. Demographic parameters and preexisting comorbidities of patients, as well as various clinical and radiographic characteristics of SAH were correlated with the incidence and volume of aneurysmal ICH.
RESULTS
One hundred fifty-five patients (25%) had ICH on initial computed tomography with a mean volume of 26.7 mL (±26.8 mL). Occurrence and volume of ICH were associated with the location (distal anterior or middle cerebral artery >proximal anterior cerebral or internal carotid artery >posterior circulation, P < .001/P < .001) and size (>12 mm, P = .026/P < .001) of the ruptured aneurysm. Vascular risk factors independently increased the risk of ICH as well (arterial hypertension: odds ratio [OR] = 1.62, P = .032; diabetes mellitus: OR = 3.06, P = .009), while the use of aspirin (P = .037) correlated with the volume of ICH. The predictors of ICH were included into a risk score (0-9 points) that strongly predicted the occurrence of ICH (P = .01). Poor functional outcome after SAH was independently associated with the occurrence of ICH (P = .003, OR = 2.77) and its volume (P = .001, OR = 1.07 per-mL-increase).
CONCLUSION
Aneurysmal ICH is strongly associated with poorer functional outcome and seems to be predictable even before the bleeding event. The proposed risk factors for aneurysmal ICH require further validation and may be considered for treatment decisions regarding unruptured intracranial aneurysms.
ABBREVIATIONS
ACA, anterior cerebral arteryDHC, decompressive hemicraniectomyEVD, external ventricular drainageICA, internal carotid arteryICH, intracerebral hematomaMCA, middle cerebral arterymRS, modified Rankin scalePC, posterior circulationSAH, subarachnoid hemorrhageSIRS, systemic inflammatory response syndromeTCD, transcranial Doppler sonography.