High-dose carfilzomib achieves superior anti-tumor activity over lowdose and recaptures response in relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma resistant to low-dose carfilzomib by co-inhibiting the β2 and β1 subunits of the proteasome complex.

Publikation

High-dose carfilzomib achieves superior anti-tumor activity over lowdose and recaptures response in relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma resistant to low-dose carfilzomib by co-inhibiting the β2 and β1 subunits of the proteasome complex.

Wissenschaftlicher Artikel/Review - 02.02.2023

Zhou Xiang, Besse Andrej, Peter Jessica, Steinhardt Maximilian Johannes, Vogt Cornelia, Nerreter Silvia, Teufel Eva, Stanojkovska Emilia, Xiao Xianghui, Hornburger Hannah, Haertle Larissa, Lopez Max Mendez, Munawar Umair, Riedel Angela, Han Seungbin, Maurits Elmer, Overkleeft Herman S, Florea Bogdan, Einsele Hermann, Kortüm K Martin, Driessen Christoph, Besse Lenka, Rasche Leo

Zitation

Zhou X, Besse A, Peter J, Steinhardt M, Vogt C, Nerreter S, Teufel E, Stanojkovska E, Xiao X, Hornburger H, Haertle L, Lopez M, Munawar U, Riedel A, Han S, Maurits E, Overkleeft H, Florea B, Einsele H, Kortüm K, Driessen C, Besse L, Rasche L. High-dose carfilzomib achieves superior anti-tumor activity over lowdose and recaptures response in relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma resistant to low-dose carfilzomib by co-inhibiting the β2 and β1 subunits of the proteasome complex. Haematologica 2023

Art

Wissenschaftlicher Artikel/Review (Englisch)

Zeitschrift

Haematologica 2023

Veröffentlichungsdatum

02.02.2023

eISSN (Online)

1592-8721

Kurzbeschreibung/Zielsetzung

The optimal carfilzomib dosing is a matter of debate. We analyzed the inhibition profiles of proteolytic proteasome subunits β5, β2 and β1 after low-dose (20/27 mg/m2) versus high-dose (≥36 mg/m2) carfilzomib in 103 pairs of peripheral blood mononuclear cells from patients with relapsed/refractory (RR) multiple myeloma (MM). β5 activity was inhibited (median inhibition >50%) in vivo by 20 mg/m2, whereas β2 and β1 were co-inhibited only by 36 and 56 mg/m2, respectively. Co-inhibition of β2 (P=0.0001) and β1 activity (P=0.0005) differed significantly between high-dose and low-dose carfilzomib. Subsequently, high-dose carfilzomib showed significantly more effective proteasome inhibition than low-dose drug in vivo (P=0.0003). We investigated the clinical data of 114 patients treated with carfilzomib combinations. High-dose carfilzomib demonstrated a higher overall response rate (P=0.03) and longer progression-free survival (PFS) (P=0.007) than low-dose carfilzomib. Therefore, we escalated the carfilzomib dose to ≥ 36 mg/m2 in 16 patients who progressed during low-dose carfilzomib-containing therapies. High-dose carfilzomib recaptured response (≥ partial remission) in 9 (56%) patients with a median PFS of 4.4 months. Altogether, we provide the first in vivo evidence in RRMM patients that the molecular activity of high-dose carfilzomib differs from that of low-dose carfilzomib by co-inhibition of β2 and β1 proteasome subunits and, consequently, high-dose carfilzomib achieves a superior anti-MM effect than low-dose and recaptures response in RRMM being resistant to low-dose carfilzomib. The optimal carfilzomib dose should be ≥ 36 mg/m2 to reach a sufficient anti-tumor activity, while the balance between efficacy and tolerability should be considered in each patient.